The Indian Constitution

The Constitution of India is a set of articles which are the supreme law in the country.It is the longest written constitution of any sovereign country in the world containing 448 articles in 22 parts , 12 schedules and 100 amendments . Besides the official English version, there is also a Hindi version of the constitution.
 The Constitution was enacted by the Constituent Assembly on 26th November, 1949 and came into effect on 26th January 1950. The date 26th January was chosen to commemorate the Purna Swaraj declaration of Independence in 1930. With it's adoption , the Union of India officially became the modern and contemporary Republic of India and it replaced the Government of India Act of 1935 as the country's fundamental governing document. The Constitution declares India to be a sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic, assuring its citizens of justice,equality, and liberty, and endeavours to promote fraternity among them. The words "socialist" and "secular" were added to the definition in 1976 by constitutional amendment. India celebrates the date of adoption of the constitution as the Republic Day.
        The Constitution has Six fundamental rights:

• Right to Equality 
• Right to freedom
• Right against exploitation
• Right to Freedom of religion
• Cultural and Educational rights 
• Right to constitutional remedies

Other Facts regarding Constitution-

Prime architect of Indian Constitution- Dr. B. R.  Ambedkar

Temporary president of Constituent assembly- Dr Sachidanand Sinha

President of Constituent assembly(elected) -  Rajendra Prasad

Chairman of drafting committee - Dr B. R. Ambedkar

Operation Blue star

Operation Blue star, one of the most popular military operations in India, was conducted between 3-6 June 1984, on the order of then prime minister, Indira Gandhi. The operation aimed at removing the Sikh separatists from the Golden temple in Amritsar. The separatists, led by Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale, were accused of starting a major armed uprising which could lead to large scale violence in the state and amassing weapons in the holy Sikh temple.

The operation was divided into two components - Operation Metal, which was confined to Golden temple complex, & Operation Shop which was to raid the countryside all over Punjab to capture any suspects. Following it, another operation, Operation Woodrose was launched to thoroughly scan the countryside of Punjab to round up any suspect.

On June 3, a 36 hour curfew was imposed in the state of Punjab with all methods of public travel and communication suspended. Electric supplies was also interrupted , leading to a complete blackout in the state and cutting it off from the rest of India and the world. Complete censorship was enforced on the news media. The Indian army stormed the Golden temple on the night of 5 June under the command of Kuldip Singh Brar. The forces had full control of the temple by the morning of 7 June.The major leaders Bhindrawale and Shabeg Singf , along with many others were killed.

The operation was carried out with the help of military tanks, helicopter, artillery and armored vehicles by military troops. Casualty figures given by the commander of the operation, Kuldip Singh Brar, put the number of deaths of military personnel at 83 and injured at 220. According to official estimate, around 440 civilians were killed during the operation. The operation led to an uproar among the Sikh community all over the world. Many Sikh soldiers in the army mutinied, many resigned from their jobs and a few returned the awards and honours they had received from the Indian Government. 

Four months after the operation, on 31 October 1984, Indira Gandhi was assassinated by two of her Sikh bodyguards in what is viewed as an act of vengeance. Following her assassination more than 5000 Sikhs were killed in anti-Sikh riots.